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How should CNC machining tools be selected in machining?
Release time:
2021/11/16
Generally speaking, CNC equipment mainly refers to large CNC machining lathes and machining centers. The machining center is a highly electromechanical product. After the workpiece is clamped, the numerical control system can control the machine tool to automatically select and replace tools according to different processes, automatically set tools, automatically change the spindle speed, feed rate, etc., and can continuously complete drilling, boring, milling, reaming, tapping and other processes. Machining center refers to a CNC machine tool equipped with a tool magazine, with automatic tool change function, and multi-process processing after a workpiece is clamped. Thus greatly reducing the workpiece clamping time, measurement and machine tool adjustment and other auxiliary process time, the processing shape is more complex, high precision requirements, the variety of frequent replacement of parts has a good economic effect.
Machining centers are usually classified by the relative position of the spindle and the worktable, and are divided into horizontal, vertical and universal machining centers. A horizontal machining center: refers to the spindle axis and worktable parallel to the setting of the machining center, mainly suitable for processing box parts. B vertical machining center: refers to the spindle axis and the worktable perpendicular to the setting of the machining center, mainly suitable for processing plate, disk, mold and small shell complex parts. C universal machining center (also known as multi-axis linkage machining center): refers to the machining center that can control the linkage change through the angle between the axis of the machining spindle and the rotary axis of the worktable to complete the machining of complex spatial curved surfaces. It is suitable for the machining of impeller rotor, die, cutting tools and other workpieces with complex spatial curved surface.
The processing route of large-scale CNC machining refers to the trajectory and direction of the tool relative to the parts during the machining process of CNC machine tools. To determine the processing route should pay attention to: should be able to ensure the machining accuracy and surface roughness requirements; should try to shorten the processing route, reduce the tool idle travel time.
The connection between the processing route and the machining allowance: At present, under the condition that the numerical control lathe has not yet reached the popularization and use, the excessive allowance on the blank, especially the allowance containing the forging and casting hard skin layer, should be arranged on the ordinary lathe for processing. If you must use CNC lathe processing, you need to pay attention to the flexible arrangement of the program.
Reasonable choice of cutting tools: A. When rough turning, cutting tools with high strength and good durability should be selected to meet the requirements of large back cutting amount and large feed amount when rough turning. B. fine turning, to choose high precision, good durability of the tool, in order to ensure the machining accuracy requirements. c. In order to reduce the tool change time and facilitate the knife, should try to use the machine clamp and the machine clamp blade.
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